Rhys In Wide Sargasso Sea Analysis

Rhys In Wide Sargasso Sea Analysis Rhys in Wide Sargasso ocean shows how Antoinettes character is so totally debilitate through the man centric mistreatment that when she investigates the mirror she doesn't perceive her own appearance. It was then I saw her the phantom ,the lady with spilling hair. she was encircled by a blessing outline however I knew her(pg.154). Antoinette doesn't understand that what she sees is an impression of her messed up selfhood. Her self hood has under gone an unrecoverable part. With her heart and soul broken she started to display indications of a sincerely feeble, befuddled and unequal lady. Rhys offers voice to madwoman who has been othered by imperialistic and man centric mistreatment. Her franticness is demonstrated all through the novel to be a response to mistreatment. Antoinette is detained by the male centric standards of her marriage, which in the long run prompts frenzy. Antoinettes marriage is the climax of this authorized exacting abuse. Rhys delineates the bad form of Rochesters supposition that moms franticness should definitely gave to the little girl. Rhys shows that Rochesters mercilessness towards Antoinette is because of a projection onto her of his despise for his dad, and the marriage course of action which he has been driven into. His outrage is the annoyance of the mistreated. Like Antoinette, he is a casualty of imperialistic and male centric abuse. I concur with Teresa F.OConnors contentions about Mr. Rochesters savage treatment of Antoinette. She contends that her brutalities get from his own dismissal by his dad and Antoinette turns into his scape-goat for the detest he feels towards him(162). In spite of the fact that, Mr. Rochesters savageries get from his disdain of his dad, however his brutalities are as yet endorsed of by the man centric culture. He is permitted to treat his better half discourteously due to the male centric standards. Hence, Mr. Rochester with his man centric persecution, is the purpose behind their bombed marriage. Teresa F. O Connor says that, Mr. Rochester goes about as the colonizing English forceful, controlling, urban, and a warrior that catches riches, property and people(170). Antoinettes endeavor to make her significant other love her by tempting him into having sexual between course with her is insufficient. Rochester reflects in the content; I woke in obscurity in the wake of dreaming that I was covered alive, and when I was conscious the inclination of suffocation persisted(Rhys 87). The suffocation he feels gets from winding up in the intensity of his better half and not the opposite way around. He at that point exhibits his sexual control over her by denying her a physical relationship with him, yet laying down with the dark hireling, Amelia, he gets her further away from her personality. Mr. Rochesters betrayal is a route for her to exhibit his man centric control over Antoinette and give her that she can not control him. Rochester attempts to dole out animality to his significant other. He portrays Antoinette degradingly by attempting to annihilate her human personality and make her increasingly creature like. When Antoinette comes out of her room and wraths about her spouses treachery with Amelia, he decreases Antoinettes human highlights so as to clarify her frenzy, Her hair hung uncombed and dull at her which were kindled and gazing, her face was flushed and looked swollen.(Rhys93) Estrangement is the significant purpose behind Antoinettes mental separate. Mr. Rochester distances her by killing her character and constraining another one upon her. For in Wide Sargasso ocean Rochesters dismissal of Antoinette is the last bit of trouble that will be tolerated in her segregated, agonizing, sincerely denied life which cause her to receive a precise reflecting of moms articulation which permits Rochester to mark her Bertha, the generalization of frenzy made by man centric culture. The second he transforms Antoinette into Bertha and afterward to Marionette is symbolic. Rochester can be seen here as an agressive dictator, when he denies Antoinette from her personality. Rhys thinks of him legitimately into the job of colonize at where he changes Antoinettes name to Bertha. She becomes like a mirror, first cleaned, clean of her own selfhood into which he at that point venture his self-loathing, which he at last separates as she would a doll, reciting to her, the quieting and belittling abstain, Marionette, Antoinette, in endeavor to dispose of his own blame. He starts to call her Bertha, flagging the start of his isolating himself from her (amusingly he jumps at the chance to call her Bertha in light of the fact that it is a name dear to him). Rochester renames Antoinette; he controls her body now, however not her soul. Antoinette is just a manikin, a doll for him, the doll had a dolls voice, a winded however inquisitively aloof voice(Rhys155). This additionally shows men lessen ladies to objects so as to control them, however inside the doll, underneath, the camouflage, there is as yet the lady, who has sentiments and feelings and who would prefer to surrender her body then her soul. We can find to some extent three of Wide Sargasso ocean, Antoinette connects qualities to names, Names matter, similar to when he woudnt call me Antoinette, and I saw Antoinette floating out of the window with her aromas, her pretty garments and her looking glass(Rhys 117). Names matter since they are a piece of a people character and through a people name the person in question can be distinguished in a network. Mr. Rochester additionally shows his pioneer power when he wipes out his wifes personality, as a colonizer he attempts to drive a B ritish character upon her. The male centric Mr. Rochesters fixation to command and control his better half causes him to estrange Antoinette from her own personality. He attempts to dispose of Antoinettes personality and transforms her into a Victorian Englishwoman. In spite of the fact that Antoinette appears to see her destiny as unavoidable, she yields and kicks the bucket inwardly. She never becomes Bertha, in any event not the ideal holy messenger that Rochester needs to be. She says Bertha isn't my name; you are attempting to make me into another person, calling me by another name. Renaming Antoinette is one manner by which Rochester applies his manly control over his better half. He attempts to make a lady whom he can control, overwhelm and have. In any case, Antoinette just appears to submit to it. Her battle is within, and as opposed to turning into the English young lady, Rochester wants her to be, she becomes another person, somebody much like her mom was. Toward the finish of the section two when Mr. Rochester and Antoinette are about o leave for England, Mr. Rochester sees that she has lost her imperativeness and acts totally inactive. She was so stunned to see Rochesters conduct towards her that she becomes like Zombie, having no spirit. Teresa F.OConnors says that, the frantic females in Wide Sargasso Sea turn their franticness inwards (197). This is the thing that happens to Antoinette, the demolition and distance of her character prompts her frenzy. Along these lines Mr. Rochester believes her to be distraught. He needs to annihilate her significantly more by wiping out each self-sufficient piece of her, he needs unlimited authority over her body and psyche. By obliterating her last sparkle of life, he transforms Antoinette into an aphasic article. Being transformed into another person and loosing the main spot where she has felt satisfaction and security, gives her nothing to relate to. However, I love this spot and you have made it into a spot I despise. I used to believe that if everything else left my life I would in any case have this, and now you have spoilt it. Its simply elsewhere where I have been unhappy㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦. (Rhys95) In this manner, Mr. Rochester has power, through his male centric situation in their marriage, the ability to devastate both Antoinettes character of soul and personality of spot. Rhys permits Antoinette to transcend her circumstance by looking for definite retribution on Rochester and restoring her freedom, her mental soundness and her life. Rhys appears from the earliest starting point of Antoinettes marriage, her protective conduct. At the point when her better half attempts to train her about the way of life he finds right, she contends against him so as to keep up her own goals and qualities. She additionally battles to keep her significant other when she gets some answers concerning his treachery, she asks Christophine to assist her with Obeah (Voodoo) so as to creator her better half love her. Christophine who is the figure of female freedom in all structures (explicitly, monetarily and strategically) proposes to Antoinette what to do and how to take care of their issues with her significant other. Christophine advices Antoinette to be solid and autonomous like her self. She says, A man dont treat you great, get your skirt and exit. At long last he comes to discover how you manage without him, he sees you fat and glad, he needs you back. Men are that way (pg69). What is sure is that Christophine thinks of her as self allowed to differentiate Rochesters conduct to blame him for lessening Antoinette to a doll. She is so self-assured to answer him legitimately, briskly and going past his demand of male centric force, this is a free nation and I am a liberated individual. Christophine says to Rochester, she lets me know in this you begin considering her names Marionette some what so. Here Rhys outline that sexual and passionate abuse is by all accounts the key thought in man centric oppression, for Antoinette lets her self to be deceived by the adversary, the man she was stunt into wedding. At long last, in any case, after Rochester has depleted her everything being equal, she figures out how to break liberated from the sufferings by making her last demonstration of self-assurance. With this last advance, Rhys transforms her distraught lady into an image of female freedom. Antoinette at last recaptures her action in the third piece of the novel, and assumes liability for her own life. Teresa F. OConnor can't help contradicting different pundits about the third piece of Wide Sargasso Sea, where Antoinette seems to torch her spouses house in England and end it all. She doesn't accept that Antoinettes demonstration of torching the house is a demonstration of disobedience and obstruction. She trusts it to be a detached demonstration since Antoinette is uninformed that h

B2C (Business to Consumer) case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 1

Marketing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Advertising research - Essay Example e noticed that BMW work in a profoundly serious condition made of different players, yet it principally moves in the very good quality and extravagance vehicle showcase. Its most savage rival in the European market is Mercedes-Benz brand, which additionally have some expertise in very good quality and extravagance car items. Similarly, the client base of BMW for the most part comprises of the high-pay workers. The above picture outlines the purchaser choice procedure that BMW clients experience. In the principal period of the procedure, the purchasers recognize they need a vehicle. Also, the looked for data on vehicles that are accessible inside their value go. Thirdly, the purchasers assess the various brands of vehicles that the person in question can manage. Fourthly, in the wake of picking the best option the purchaser, makes the buy and in the last period of the procedure, the purchaser assesses if his choice was right or wrong and whether he needs to make changes on the vehicle or purchase another. As per the investigations directed by Ansoff (1957), an association, for example, BMW has four feasible choices as introduced in the picture underneath, these choices incorporate entering profound into the market, item or market expansion, advancement of the new item and improvement of new markets. Concerning the Ansoff’s network, it is suggested that BMW ought to enhance its scope of items to incorporate low spending vehicles that are of high caliber. By seeking after this technique, BMW will abuse another market section, which will empower it to expand its piece of the overall industry just as deals, and subsequently, swim off rivalry from any semblance of Mercedes-Benz. Presently, it very well may be noticed that the key market section for BMW brands is the top of the line and extravagance showcase, which just involve affluent people or high-salary workers. Be that as it may, from the key choice picked above, BMW will presently additionally target low-pay workers since they are needing quality vehicles and the main choice they as of now have is recycled vehicles and low quality

Political Party and Internet Essay Example for Free

Ideological group and Internet Essay HARATAL In present day conflict torn state hartal has become a typical illicit relationship. It is seen at the call of an ideological group or gatherings to press their interest to challenge the debasement, abuse of intensity and the insidious deeds of the decision party. Now and then understudies and individuals of an area call hartal to communicate their requests. On a hartal day typical course of life is halted. All methods for transport and vehicles don't proceed onward the streets. Individuals are to take a ton of difficulties to go to their workplaces. They go by walking as vehicles are not accessible. Therefore the participation is truly insignificant in the workplaces, processing plants, businesses and shops. The economy of the nation endures a substantial misfortune. Plants, production lines, enterprises and shops stop their work. All the business places, markets and shop stay shut. The supporters for hartal bring their parade. Frequently conflicts happen between the police and the picketers. Some of the time conflicts occur between the supporters of the restriction and the decision ideological groups which bring about certain passings. On a hartal day the sufferings of the individuals know no bound Burden SHEDDING Burden shedding is the suspension of power flexibly on specific lines when request is more noteworthy than the age. It happens when the age of intensity is not exactly the interest. Furthermore, spontaneous circulation and unlawful association of power are additionally liable for it. It makes different difficult issues. The understudies are influenced by it on the off chance that it happens around evening time. They sit inertly in obscurity shutting their books. They endure appallingly inferable from load-shedding on the night prior to their assessment. Plants, manufacturing plants, enterprises, all scholastic and financial foundation genuinely endure because of it. It appears that everything grinds to a halt thus life gets rally difficult. In a nation like our own it is exceptionally hard to take care of the issue of burden shedding. However we can go far by building up new force plants, guaranteeing arranged conveyance, decreasing framework misfortune and checking unlawful associat ions. In the event that these are guaranteed, we may hope to dispose of the scourge of burden shedding. Government should likewise make compelling strides in such manner. PC The PC is one of the most splendid endowments of science. This gadget was initially evolved by Charles Babbage. Most nations have grown quick because of computerization. Composing a program is fundamental for a PC. Speed, precision, unwavering quality, and honesty are the principle attributes of a PC. A considerable lot of the normal exercises today at home and in business are finished by PCs. The PC has demonstrated a companion and hireling of science, innovation and industry. Most workplaces, shops, plants and ventures use PCs. The Internet is a storage facility of data. The PC is shelter to all. Media transmission and satellite symbolisms are PC based. PC has made the world a worldwide town today. The Internet The data arrangement of the world has become globalized with the mystical bit of web. Like a bug catching network the Internet has spread its interconnected connection with tens, hundreds or even a large number of PCs. What's more, it has empowered them to impart data and correspondence to each other generally, adequately and inexpensively.The Internet has made it feasible for individuals everywhere throughout the world to bring the data and correspondence framework inside their palm. The Internet has carried new chances to government, instruction and business. Governments utilize the Internet for interior correspondence, conveyance of data and robotized charge handling. Bangladesh as a creating nation doesn't approach the Internet in all circles. Still web here has some entrance to the business world and the financial framework. Instructive organizations likewise utilize the Internet somewhat. Web here additionally permits an incredible assortment in advanced diversion. Individuals can appreciate music, film, gaming, talking with companions, sharing perspectives and thoughts regarding world issues just by squeezing scarcely any keys. We trust that we will get undeniable access to the Internet, a universal PC organize, to make our Bangladesh a created and prosperous nation. Road turned parking lot Road turned parking lot is one of the most disturbing issues in bangladesh. It has taken an intense shape in city areas.This issue is the consequence of quick development of populace and the expanding number of vehicle. With respect to our populace, streets have not expanded. In addition, urban areas are brimming with rickshaw and rickshaw pulles don't adhere to the traffic manages never keep up a line while holding on to continue. Troublesome stacking, emptying of merchandise of trucks, unapproved showcases by the street side, imprudent leaving to vehicles, open gathering, parades and so on. For the most part cause congested road. Limited streets in another reason for road turned parking lot. Frequently congested road happens at office time and furthermore when the official break. Now and again congested driving conditions is substantial to such an extent that it squares a large portion of a kilometer. It kills our important time and cause extraordinary enduring to the perishing patients being conveyed in the emergency vehicle. Be that as it may, this issue can be illuminated by receiving a few measures. Very much arranged roomy street ought to be built. one path development of vehicles ought to be introduced.Traffic rules ought to be forced carefully with the goal that the drivers will undoubtedly obey them. The quantity of traffic police ought to be expanded.

Marketing Intelligence

Market knowledge is a term that is generally utilized, broadly misjudged, and frequently confused with a secretive craftsmanship requiring significant level criminologist work. Before giving guidance on how advertise insight can conceivably profit your business, it is along these lines basic that we start this paper by conceding to a definition. It is characterized by Wikipedia as follows: â€Å"Market Intelligence is the data pertinent to a company’s advertises, accumulated and broke down explicitly with the end goal of exact and sure dynamic in deciding business sector opportunity, showcase entrance system, and market advancement measurements. In basic terms, showcase insight is data that is assembled to settle on business choices. It is to a great extent equivalent with statistical surveying, the efficient social occasion, recording, examination and translation of data about a company’s markets, contenders and clients. * Types of Intelligence Sources Intelligence can be depicted as the rundown of interior and outer information and data, matched with ability and involvement with some random condition and carried into setting with the own doing and objectives. Essentially however, advertise and serious insight depends on sources giving the minimum amount and substance to manage as it comes to information on any kind. Outer Market and Competitive Intelligence Sources External market and serious insight sources can and ought to give a rich and reasonable perspective on the outside condition any business is working in. Market and serious knowledge has become a significant advertising control and industry providing truly necessary experiences into business figures and patterns. Work area Research for Intelligence Desk research may be the most well-known insight discipline in any case how best in class the associations knowledge projects and frameworks are. Distributed data and information, pushed by accomplices, advisors and MI experts too inner assets pointing towards outer knowledge is being scoured, accumulated and pre-broke down. Obtained Intelligence and Market Reports Industry reports, advertise contemplates and different business insight are being made accessible in numerous organizations and sizes. Any industry or market have their significant players regarding research, advertise perception and observing who make and give contemplates, reports, diagrams, key market information, patterns and pointers. Business Journals and Trade Magazines Business diaries and exchange magazines are magnificent knowledge hotspots for both market insight just as serious knowledge. In particular here, the insight devouring association needs to understand everything. Gathering and bringing significant knowledge into setting of quick business needs and long haul showcase systems are pivotal components of insight readiness. Industry and Market Newsletters Keeping clients and accomplices tuned in of advancements and offers should be possible viably through pamphlets that are conveyed in printed copy group or electronically. In addition to the fact that this is an essential client maintenance measure a serious device too where clients discover another correlation opportunity across items and administration offers. Singular Intelligence Subscriptions An enormous organization with a large number of representatives barely has any outline of what number of memberships are being requested and offered to staff. Membership suppliers never care about combination. Neither do troubled representatives whenever asked to straightforwardly recognize their memberships to showcase sites, news entries or periodicals. Market Intelligence: Wholesale Sourcing Drop Shipping, Bulk Wholesaling, General Wholesaling, Liquidation/Overstock Sourcing will be sourcing procedures that need and normally produce a ton of knowledge both market insight and serious knowledge. Outer Soft Intelligence Any business power and other field administrators have and handle unfathomable measures of outside knowledge about clients, showcase players, affiliations, enterprises and occasions with all turns of events and elements. Not to use this tremendous measure of knowledge in any associations is a significant serious weakness. Inward Market and Competitive Intelligence Sources Most significant and for the most part of incredibly high worth are inside hotspots for business knowledge. Inheritance frameworks, ERP, any value-based information just as delicate data, for example, meeting transcripts and verbal correspondence with clients, providers and accomplices should be misused. The insight found in inward assets, for example, the executives and advertising or deals power is significant for any business choice. Business Data and Databases Major databases, for example, ERP frameworks, inheritance frameworks, value-based information documented and put away for reference ought to be viewed as standard knowledge as they give the exceptionally base to any information correlation and estimation. Just as for outer insight, delicate information dwelling in the leaders of the workers with respect to inside perspective on business sectors and clients, contenders and different business factors can be priceless for the whole knowledge forthcoming. Use Internal Soft Knowledge. Just as for outer insight, delicate information living in the leaders of the representatives in regards to inward perspective on business sectors and clients, contenders and different business factors can be significant for the whole knowledge planned. * Steps to be taken by a Company to improve its Marketing Intelligence (1) Train and Motivate Sales Force: An organization's business power can be an astounding wellspring of data about the present patterns in the market. They are the â€Å"intelligence gatherers† for the organization. The obtained realities can be egarding the organization's market contributions, regardless of whether any enhancements are required or not or is there any open door for new items, and so forth. It can likewise give believable source to think about contender exercises, buyers, wholesalers and retailers. (2) Motivate Distributors, retailers, and different delegates to go along significant insight: Specialists are employe d by organizations to assemble advertising knowledge. So as to gauge the nature of creation, the manner in which the workers are acting with clients, nature of offices being given; retailers and specialist co-ops send riddle customers. Firms can likewise survey the nature of client involvement in the shops with the utilization of puzzle customers. (3) Network Externally: Every firm should keep a tab on its rivals. Serious knowledge portrays the more extensive control of inquiring about, dissecting and defining information and data from the whole serious condition of any association. This should be possible by buying the contender's items, checking the publicizing efforts, the press media inclusion, perusing their distributed reports, and so forth. Serious knowledge must be legitimate and moral. 4) Set up a client warning board: Companies can set up boards comprising of clients. They can be the organization's biggest clients or delegates of clients or the most blunt clients. Numerous business colleges set up boards comprising of graduated class who give their insight and skill and help in establishing the course educational plan. (5) Optimal utilization of Government information assets: Governments of practically al l nations distribute reports with respect to the populace patterns, segment attributes, farming creation and a ton of other such information. This information must be or can be alluded to as base information. It can help in arranging and defining strategies for the organizations. (6) Information purchased from outer providers: Certain offices sell information that can be helpful to different organizations. For instance, TV slots will require data on the quantity of viewership, appraisals of TV programs, and so forth. An organization which figures this data and produces this information will give it to organizations that need it. (7) Collect Competitive Intelligence through online client input: Customer's view about an item is generally basic for any organization. At last the client's purchasing the item. Henceforth client input must be taken. Online stages like visit rooms, websites, conversation discussions, client audit sheets can be utilized to produce client input. This empowers the firm to comprehend client encounters and impressions. It gets simpler for organizations to apply an organized framework to do as such as it would then be able to filter out the pertinent messages without a lot of a difficulty. With the above advances being applied, an organization's advertising knowledge framework will end up being valuable to its compelling working.

Easy to Write the Common App Essay - Writing the Common App College Essay

Easy to Write the Common App Essay - Writing the Common App College EssayBefore I get into writing my first easy to write the common app essay about I would like to talk a little bit about the types of topics that are commonly asked to be submitted to a college application. There are numerous types of topics to choose from and it's best that you have some ideas on which type you think would be appropriate for your particular college.The first thing to consider in terms of writing a good topic is to determine what your intended audience will be. This could range from college students to job seekers, perhaps even more specialized groups that require different types of topics.If you are working to write an admissions essay, it is important to note that any college will require you to provide some information about yourself. I would suggest writing a general overview of yourself and how you intend to use your degree, as well as giving some background information about the type of college you are applying to.As far as the type of topic that you are going to be required to submit, there are many examples of this with the common app essay and the Common App, however, you should be very aware of the strict deadlines for submission, and guidelines that are enforced in relation to these terms. You must always adhere to the deadlines when submitting your essay.Some examples of common topics that are normally asked of a student who wishes to apply for the Common App would be: Current job, Educational background, Popular jobs, Business education, Qualifications, Additional Certificates, Experience, What are your strengths and weaknesses? And many more examples can be found in the Common App.After you've determined what type of topic you're going to be required to write the Common App essay, it is time to compile your thoughts in the form of a well-structured article. This is when the use of headings and bullet points come into play.If you feel comfortable with creating your own headings and bullet points then you may consider creating the essay by hand, but this is not recommended for the application form. Therefore, you will need to obtain the assistance of an editing service in order to help you with the formatting.As I said, I was planning on writing my first easy to write the common app essay about, however, I am extremely satisfied with the results I achieved. My easy to write the common app essay about came out to be just about perfect and most importantly, I was able to get accepted into my dream college!

The Influence of the Arts in The Playmaker - Literature Essay Samples

Thomas Keneally’s 1987 novel The Playmaker follows the career and personal life of Ralph Clark, a British lieutenant (and prospective playmaker) recently relocated to penal Australia. The storyline is based loosely on true events of the late eighteenth century, when colonial Australia was still something of an experiment and the land was largely unexplored by Europeans. The novel opens with the colony’s overseer, commonly referred to as H.E., assigning Ralph to direct a theatrical production of George Farquhar’s comedy The Recruiting Officer starring the prison’s convicts. And as Ralph embarks on this mission, he begins to connect past and present realities to the art of theatreseemingly the only solace in the enigmatic and unpredictable setting of Australiaand life proves to imitate art. As the play’s production matures throughout the novel, its participants mature with it, effectively altering character development and swaying the course of an ind eterminate colony and its inhabitants. The subject of morality and its connection to art is a recurring focus of the book; Ralph and several other characters frequently find themselves struggling with an ambiguous spectrum of right and wrong, and their theatrical pursuits are able to guide them into more progressive moral perspectives. The fourteenth chapter exemplifies this development clearly by flashing back to pre-playmaker Ralph, who takes pride in his fidelity and claims that it cannot change, saying, â€Å"Ralph Clark is still Ralph Clark. Fortunate not in any cleverness but in his marriage to a divine wife. People are the people they are† (159). The views expressed in this quote, as admirable as they may seem, reflect a closed-minded version of Ralph, a version unsure of himself at heart and haunted by his desires for Mary Brenham, the soon-to-be female lead of his play. Ralph’s moral horizons expand gradually as the play progresses, and he eventually finds it in himself to approach Mary. She recipro cates his feelings and the two get together in a long-awaited outlet of passion: â€Å"Clark and Brenham were joinedbeneath that moon merely rumored to be the same as the one which gave its light to Britain. †¦ What exquisite gasps compounded of Farquharwent into her cry as he entered† (309). Ralph’s observation of the Australian moon is an innate but uncertain attempt at justifying his morally questionable actions. His apprehension of Farquhar, on the other hand, offers him an alternative to reality and thus supplies the unreal moral resolution he truly needs. This assimilation of art and reality only intensifies when Ralph literally calls Mary by her character name of Sylvia in the following paragraphan action to which she responds appropriately by quoting Sylvia. The narrator notes that â€Å"the play and Ralph and Mary were of one mind† (309), illustrating the successful unification of physical, emotional, and artistic intimacy; art, by connecting Ralph and Mary to the same reshaped sense of morality, ultimately connects them to each other. In addition to shifting the moral outlook of the characters, the play also proves to have an influence over each character’s sense of self. Both the director and the cast undergo significant intrapersonal changes, mostly for the better, as they become more involved in the production. One small but significant example of the play’s positive impact on self-worth and dignity appears in the novel’s final chapter; as Nancy Turner is playing her part of the well-mannered Melinda, she â€Å"[does] not turn frontally to the crowd or bob her knee to them or wave or smile† (334). Instead, Nancy takes the disposition of her character, a disposition which suits her more respectably. And while this may at first seem like only the natural effect of acting in a play, Nancy’s developmentas well as that of the other charactersis one which extends beyond the stage. Simply by virtue of taking part in the play, every player gains a sense of purpose, a solid grounding i n a place where few things feel solid, and an ultimate feeling of belonging. Each player, though having approached the play with individual expectations and strengths and weaknesses, sacrifices a piece of that individuality in favor of something much bigger than him or herself and something much more special than any one person could produce. The successful effects of this sacrifice prove it to be not only an essential part of artmaking, but also of developing self-respect. Keneally reinforces multiple times the small but positive effects that the play has on the intrapersonal complexions of the characters. For instance, after a cast member bows politely to him, Ralph remarks â€Å"what an excellent means of reform a play is† (226), and the chapter ends there, leaving the reader with the ironic but authentic notion that adopting a fictional persona might be able to strengthen a nonfictional one. Happinessamong the convicts and officers alikeis perhaps the most important sociostructural factor of prison life, and Ralph’s play offers a necessary source of it. Penal Australia is far from a glamorous home, and the novel’s pre-play exposition makes this very clear; the overall attitude of the colony is one of hopelessness and self-pity, as officers long for their families and convicts long for at least the comfort of a civilized country. This collective negativity has every reason to continue, and even to grow, throughout the book’s course of death and angst and confused sorrow. But it doesn’t. Art, as it manifests in the prison’s production, acts as a form of salvation from every negative episode of reality. One notably negative episode is the rape of Mary Brenham, which initially leaves her shaken and dejected (and with good reason). When Ralph finds out about it, he too experiences negative emotions but immediately has the idea to channel it all into art, advising Mary to â€Å"cling to the play as the thing which will give [her her] spirit back† (235). Ralph’s idea demonstrates not only the way art can abate negativity, but also the way it can turn it into something antithetically positive, something which contributes to the community’s happiness. The play’s installation of happiness appears again when Duckling, a convict characterized by apathy, finally admits an interest: â€Å"I like the friends I got here, Mr. Clark. I like you. I like them players. I like that Brenham best of them† (274). And Brenham’s reciprocal admiration of the play is evidenced at the end of the novel when she tells Ralph that â€Å"the play is the most wonderful thing that has occurred in all [her] life† (330). By leading the reader through a microcosmic group of individuals and their struggles, Thomas Keneally’s The Playmaker expresses the universal importance of art in every and any society. While life is short and unpredictable, art is long and constant. It plays a compelling role (theater pun intended) in the development of any person or group of people, and it has the power to restore respect, dismiss convention, and challenge reality’s constraints on happiness. Keneally’s written portrayal of these powers is perhaps as artful as the pursuits of his charactersso artful in fact that his readers might just acquire the same appreciation for art that Ralph Clark has acquired by the novel’s end.